Harvard Business Review

JANUARY 9, 2015

But today this malaise is most acute in the euro zone , where demand has been depressed due to counterproductive fiscal policies. The policy response to the global financial crisis exacerbated and entwined these trends still further. With fiscal remedies on the sidelines, monetary policy had to take up the slack.

GDP 8

GDP Bond Banking Policies 8

Harvard Business Review

SEPTEMBER 8, 2011

Forget the deficit, monetary policy, stimuli, stock markets, corporations, taxes — that stuff makes my head spin (and apparently the economy as well). Small businesses constitute the majority of our GDP and have historically been the source of most new job creation. From 2000 – 2009, overall GDP grew by 17.8%

GDP 12

GDP Planning Cost of Capital Banking 12

Harvard Business Review

NOVEMBER 2, 2017

Almost a year ago, the Indian government rolled out an unprecedented policy move. As the implications unfolded, I wrote two pieces ( “India’s Botched War on Cash” and “Early Lessons from India’s Demonetization Experiment” ) evaluating the policy and its impact. All policies have consequences.

Policies 8

Policies Banking Short-term GDP 8

Harvard Business Review

APRIL 20, 2017

In 2015 real GDP per capita was $56,000 in the United States. The real GDP per capita in that same year was only $47,000 in Germany, $41,000 in France and the United Kingdom, and just $36,000 in Italy, adjusting for purchasing power. Each year, the United States produces more per person than most other advanced economies.

Decentralization 15

Decentralization GDP Finance Incentives 15

Harvard Business Review

JUNE 24, 2016

This changes the balance of politics in Europe, the balance of politics towards the US, the balance of policies about regulation in a whole variety of industries and trade. So there are a lot of long-term, constitutional policy issues that it’s going to take a lot of work to offset, set in motion by this.

Banking 9

Banking Short-term Long-term Policies 9

Harvard Business Review

JUNE 28, 2016

The idea of a “ two-speed Europe ” is lethal to the economic recovery and growth of periphery countries, where any doubt about the continued support of the European Central Bank — and an eventual resolution to the debt crisis through an Euro Area fiscal backstop– can only bring further difficulties.

Uncertainty 9

Uncertainty Politics Policies GDP 9

Harvard Business Review

DECEMBER 16, 2016

Infrastructure spending as a percentage of GDP in the U.S. The Trump campaign’s infrastructure tax concept paper of October 2016, authored by the investor Wilbur Ross (proposed as Secretary of Commerce) and by Peter Navarro of UC-Irvine , has a different policy objective. There is plenty of capital in the global financial system.

Banking 8

Banking Objective Finance Proposal 8

Harvard Business Review

JUNE 26, 2012

debt was 98% of GDP, its deficit 10% of GDP; Spanish debt was 69% of GDP, its deficit 8.5% The United States has its own money because the Federal Reserve can — and will — print unlimited dollars to avert sovereign default or rescue banks. It can beg the European Central Bank to lend it money.

GDP 9

GDP Banking Price Crisis 9

Harvard Business Review

MARCH 22, 2011

Analysts have already reduced forecasted GDP growth rates for Japan by 0.5% Japan's economic policy makers are being put to the test once again. Flooding money markets on Sunday (3/13) with ¥15 trillion (about $183 billion) was a sensible first step by the Bank of Japan, but the real challenge lies ahead. for the second quarter.

GDP 15

GDP Aggregate Demand Supply Chain Crisis 15

Harvard Business Review

SEPTEMBER 25, 2018

Measured by decrease in per capita United States GDP compared to the pre-crisis trend, by 2016 the crisis had cost the country 15% of GDP, or $4.6 One way to highlight the scale of this unfairness is to look at the contrast between how bailed-out banks and automotive companies were handled. In the U.S.,

Crisis 8

Crisis Politics Cost Banking 8

Harvard Business Review

MARCH 27, 2013

For the past several years, EU politicians have been locked in shortsighted and often self-defeating policies for bailing out troubled euro zone countries. Let's suppose that Cyprus' average GDP growth rate is 4% and that the fixed interest rate on their rescue loan is 3%. Clearly, a new approach is desperately needed.

GDP 8

GDP Bond How To Banking 8

Harvard Business Review

JANUARY 8, 2018

Today there is significant Democratic support for reform of financial regulation, especially for smaller community banks. Those scores correlate positively with GDP per capita and with broader measures of prosperity, such as the Social Progress Index and the Legatum Index of Prosperity.

GDP 8

GDP Airlines Quality Price 8

Harvard Business Review

AUGUST 5, 2015

In most countries, both developed and developing, private employment and median family income have stopped growing at the same pace as labor productivity and real GDP per capita—mostly due, they argue, to technological advances. So what are we to do? Learn from the countries that are bucking the trend.

GDP 8

GDP Porter Education Globalization 8

Harvard Business Review

JULY 24, 2018

The primary tool of China’s industrial policy is subsidies to state-owned enterprises (SOEs) for key industries such as robotics, advanced computers, and electric vehicles. The SOEs produce 33% of China’s GDP and account for 20% of its jobs; the central government controls one-third of the SOEs. In recent years, U.S.

GDP 8

GDP Policies Supply Chain Cooper 8

Harvard Business Review

NOVEMBER 6, 2013

This complicates the ability of outsiders to understand the purpose for and implications of policy changes. The plan is expected to outline policies intended to ensure that China continues to see average annual GDP growth of 7% through this decade, the growth rate required to meet Premier Li Keqiang’s stated goal of doubling GDP by 2020.

GDP 8

GDP Fixed Assets Globalization Survey 8

Harvard Business Review

DECEMBER 14, 2016

Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched a surprise in early November, demonetizing 500 and 1,000 rupee bank notes. People up and down the income spectrum are dealing with changing cash withdrawal policies and empty ATMs. And yet India’s initiative had the potential for chaos. billion annually in currency operations costs.

Banking 8

Banking Cost Policies Supply Chain 8

Harvard Business Review

MAY 23, 2017

Political sentiment has turned against globalization and the political and economic policies that promoted it. As this mood is translated into policy, the structural advantages of multinational corporations are coming under threat from five main sources. of GDP in 2007 to 3.3% But this ascendancy is under threat.

Politics 8

Politics Globalization Business Model Policies 8

Harvard Business Review

APRIL 7, 2016

And because banking sectors in developing countries give fewer loans to farmers (compared to the share of agriculture in GDP), investments by both farmers and large corporations are still limited. lending that is more generous than market lending) and interest rate caps discourage bank lending.

Globalization 8

Globalization Supply Chain Policies Long-term 8

Harvard Business Review

AUGUST 22, 2012

in early 2009 were so strong that no imaginable set of policies could have avoided a deep and long recession that blew a hole in the federal budget. The differences in hypothetical McCain economic policies vs. actual Obama ones fade into relative insignificance beside that. and GDP has grown faster.

IAS 12

IAS GDP Policies Short-term 12

Harvard Business Review

MARCH 13, 2015

“Culture” can sound like a catchall, a convenient way to place the blame outside the realm of policy, but I am talking about one specific dimension of culture: avoiding uncertainty. This suggests that in addition to short-term policy changes, Greece needs a longer-term cultural shift. And it all starts in school.

Uncertainty 8

Uncertainty Innovation Hofstede Bureaucracy 8

Harvard Business Review

SEPTEMBER 4, 2013

Women-owned entities in the formal sector represent approximately 37% of enterprises globally — a market worthy of attention by businesses and policy makers alike. That''s 224 million women impacting the global economy — and this survey counts only 67 of the 188 countries recognized by the World Bank.

Globalization 13

Globalization Entrepreneur Banking Supply Chain 13

Harvard Business Review

MAY 24, 2012

Evidence is now clear that the EU policy rests on seriously flawed assumptions, resulting in some monumental unintended consequences. Spain ran a surplus in 2007, and its total debt to GDP ratio was lower than Germany's. When national economies contract in the EU, funds for unemployment, welfare and bank bailouts dry up.

Real Estate 10

Real Estate Banking Politics Crisis 10

Harvard Business Review

JUNE 12, 2012

Ireland is not a role model for austerity policies, but rather a cautionary tale. Just like Ireland, Spain had a credit boom financed mostly with external debt, which meant that the balance sheets of their banks are now stuffed with bad debts as asset values collapse. The parallels between Spain and Ireland are striking.

Real Estate 11

Real Estate Banking Construction Politics 11

Harvard Business Review

MAY 31, 2016

Policy makers and economists, such as Harvard’s Ken Rogoff , have made elegant arguments for the benefits of a cashless society. Economic uncertainty around the globe has raised concerns that consumers could take cash out of banks – especially in negative interest rate envrionments — and hoard it.

Banking 8

Banking Cost Policies Uncertainty 8

Harvard Business Review

JULY 9, 2015

For the last decade, Africa’s GDP has been growing quickly. The African Development Bank (AfDB) is the most visible organization tasked with shepherding that inclusive innovative growth. He also partnered with Nigeria’s central bank to create a $350 million risk-sharing fund to encourage more banks to lend to farmers.

Banking 8

Banking Globalization Credit Rating Short-term 8

Harvard Business Review

FEBRUARY 8, 2018

At Frontier Strategy Group, we observed that in 2017, executives and boards paid the most attention to risks that dominated global headlines: Brexit, the Trump administration’s trade policy, cybersecurity, and, more recently, North Korea. real GDP growth rate for the region, but there is more business risk than many expect.

Market Risk 9

Market Risk Marketing Supply Chain Company 9

Harvard Business Review

MAY 5, 2016

The economy still hasn’t received a boost from sanctions relief, and many big banks that left the country have not returned. Large European banks in particular are not ready to return to Iran even though they are permitted. financial system for bank transactions related to Iran. However, remaining U.S.

Tourism 8

Tourism Banking Due Diligence Hotels 8

Harvard Business Review

FEBRUARY 27, 2015

Greece appears also to lose control of the €11 billion reserves of the Greek banking stability fund. It also made economic sense, allowing Greece’s GDP to grow, and thus ultimately pay the creditors, as Paul Krugman has repeatedly argued. So, clemency on loan terms might make procedural sense.

Restructuring 8

Restructuring Policies Crisis Banking 8

Harvard Business Review

DECEMBER 11, 2018

Bolsonaro also portrayed himself as a strong-man capable of bringing order to the country via policies such as the liberalization of arms for private citizens and greater permission for police to use deadly force to stop crime. What business leaders should expect from the Bolsonaro administration. in 2019 up from 1.6%

Trends 10

Trends Globalization Politics GDP 10

Harvard Business Review

MAY 24, 2012

That Greece with a population of a mere 11 million and a GDP of $300 billion (only 2% of the Eurozone economies) can create systemic risk for the world speaks volumes about the downside of global interdependence. Mexico was asked to develop an economic adjustment program in exchange for a "jumbo loan" put together by the banks, the U.S.

Crisis 12

Crisis Banking Politics GDP 12

Harvard Business Review

JUNE 9, 2014

Currently, the annual expenditures for research and development (R&D) amount to 0.67% of Greece’s GDP. to 3% of their GDP. A coherent innovation policy, designed to unlock Greece’s hidden assets, will require five key steps: Strengthening efforts to cut red tape. This is going to be a considerable challenge.

Planning 9

Planning GDP Tourism Innovation 9

Harvard Business Review

APRIL 4, 2011

Nigeria moved from a GDP of $35 billion to $207 billion within a decade largely because of massive investment from foreign business partners in information technology and banking. He recently edited Nanotechnology and Microelectronics: Global Diffusion, Economics and Policy. Africa does better when new businesses come to land.

AIDA 11

AIDA AIDAS GDP Education 11

Harvard Business Review

AUGUST 24, 2015

Greece was seen as an exemplar of a country under assault, victim of the waning European sense of cohesion and social justice, and of ineffectual, neoliberal policies. It is too easy to view the Greek mess as a case of austerity policies gone berserk. Framing this as a case of a small country defying the bullies misses the point.

Crisis 8

Crisis Policies Short-term GDP 8

Harvard Business Review

JANUARY 7, 2014

The boom-bust tendencies of Wall Street mean we need tougher capital requirements for banks, Greenspan now says, and maybe even a forced return to the partnerships that once dominated investment banking. It’s true of GDP. That is true of the unemployment rate. It’s true of all commodity markets. And I say a bubble.

Long-term 11

Long-term Banking Short-term Finance 11

Harvard Business Review

NOVEMBER 6, 2018

Protectionist policies: While China’s protectionist policies are transparent, India’s protectionist agenda is in the form of regulations and red tape. Currently, China is ahead on the major economic metrics: to add as much to its GDP as China will in 2018, India would need to grow by 40%.

Airlines 10

Airlines Technology Objective Policies 10

Harvard Business Review

FEBRUARY 22, 2011

I don't know what sexy acronym our leading investment banks' rock-star economists will come up with next, but I hope their indicators will start to factor in whether a large population is being harnessed or whether it is seething youth bulge, and whether economic growth is coming at the cost of ecological sustainability.

Banking 14

Banking Politics Globalization GDP 14

Harvard Business Review

MARCH 16, 2016

While these recent policy changes are important, they are unlikely to significantly alter the face of the Cuban economy. Fixed capital investment in Cuba represents just 10% of GDP , which is half the regional average. Cuba has been mired in stagnation for nearly two decades , with the regime unable to generate higher productivity.

GDP 8

GDP Telecommunications Scenario Planning Travel 8