Job recovery after the 2007 recession is happening, but slowly, and wage growth is still anemic. Apart from the effects of the recession, there are concerns about the future of employment in the United States. I and others believe that the recession may have precipitated or accelerated certain long-term changes in employment patterns that will mean slower job creation, lower total returns to labor, higher skill requirements, and issues with income inequality. These have multiple causes including the shift of the economy to services and information-intensive activities, productivity growth, the appearance of new products and services, demographics, and continued offshoring that now includes services ranging from call centers to medical procedures.