Harvard Business Review

JUNE 8, 2018

The market caps of just four companies, Apple, Alphabet, Amazon, and Microsoft, now exceed $3 trillion. Their combined assets of $944 billion are an order of magnitude lower than the combined assets of $7,700 billion of the largest 3,177 companies in 1986, when the aggregate market capitalization reached $3 trillion for the first time.

Report 8

Report GAAP Net Present Value CFO 8

Harvard Business Review

MARCH 10, 2011

When executives evaluate a potential investment, whether it's to build a new plant, enter a new market, or acquire a company, they weigh its cost against the future cash flows they expect will spring from it. How can that be when the same information about the stock's underlying company and markets are available to both?

CAPM 13

CAPM Cost Discounted Cash Flow Cost of Capital 13

Harvard Business Review

JUNE 18, 2015

We also know that private equity funds have outperformed public equity markets over the last three decades , even after the fees they charge are accounted for. In operational engineering, PE firms develop industry and operating expertise that they bring to bear to add value to their portfolio companies.

CAPM 8

CAPM Discounted Cash Flow Company Rate of Return 8