Harvard Business Review

JUNE 2, 2014

You also have support staff, including the people in marketing, finance, HR, and other functions. When the tooth-to-tail ratio gets too low, front-line people find that they have to send every customer request or idea for improvement up through the bureaucracy and wait days or weeks for a response.

Cost 15

Cost Span of Control Management Bureaucracy 15

Harvard Business Review

FEBRUARY 26, 2016

The result is the reconstitution or destruction of industries, creation of new market spaces, and reshaping of old industry ecosystems. ” Immelt elevated marketing and digital media when he promoted Beth Comstock to vice chair, while other positions, including that of the CFO, are at the senior vice president level. Cut layers.

Short-term 8

Short-term How To Venture Capitalist CFO 8

Harvard Business Review

SEPTEMBER 5, 2016

Yet there’s compelling evidence that bureaucracy creates a significant drag on productivity and organizational resilience and innovation. By our reckoning, the cost of excess bureaucracy in the U.S. Operating decisions are almost entirely decentralized. Here’s the arithmetic. trillion, of which the non-U.S.

Cost 8

Cost Bureaucracy GDP Management 8