Harvard Business Review

JUNE 2, 2014

You have front-line employees who create what you sell or who deal directly with customers: software developers, sales reps, call-center staffers, and so on. You also have support staff, including the people in marketing, finance, HR, and other functions. How can they serve the customer when they’re burdened with so much bureaucracy?

Cost 10

Cost Span of Control Management Bureaucracy 10

Harvard Business Review

FEBRUARY 26, 2016

The result is the reconstitution or destruction of industries, creation of new market spaces, and reshaping of old industry ecosystems. For example, GE has created a digital platform in the energy sector that its own and third-party software developers can write applications to. He also removed a layer of vice chairs to make room.

Short-term 8

Short-term How To Venture Capitalist CFO 8

Harvard Business Review

SEPTEMBER 5, 2016

Yet there’s compelling evidence that bureaucracy creates a significant drag on productivity and organizational resilience and innovation. By our reckoning, the cost of excess bureaucracy in the U.S. The average span of control in these and other vanguard organizations is more than double the U.S.

Cost 8

Cost Bureaucracy GDP Management 8