The research is clear: women in competitive, historically male, “up-our-out” organizational cultures make more money and enjoy more rapid promotions when they are mentored by men. Excellent mentors generally provide two clusters of critical mentoring functions. Psychosocial functions include encouragement, friendship, and emotional support. Career functions include direct teaching, advocacy, coaching, visibility, and challenge. Unfortunately, evidence demonstrates that many women with male mentors get shortchanged in the challenge department, especially when compared with their male peers.