Harvard Business Review

NOVEMBER 22, 2012

More and more companies embrace consumers as "co-creation" partners in their innovation efforts, instead of as buyers at the end of a value chain. For example, IBM's co-created product lines account for approximately 20% of its revenue and many of its innovations. It's a shift from keeping people out to letting people in.

Co-Opetition 9

Co-Opetition Business Model Politics Competitive Advantage 9

Harvard Business Review

APRIL 28, 2015

But we’d speculate that Fitbit could do just as well at coaching you through your personal health goals by logging the reading on the minute and storing 1/60th of the data. Bloomberg realized that the ease of information sharing made innovation in consumption a key form of differentiation in the industry.

Business Model 8

Business Model System Management Supply Chain 8

Harvard Business Review

FEBRUARY 10, 2014

The way forward is co-opetition, in which entities in the same industries act with what everyone recognizes as partial congruence of interests. Nalebuff have written in their book Co-Opetition , businesses that form co-opetitions become more competitive by cooperating. There [are] lots of co-opetitions.”.

Co-Opetition 8

Co-Opetition Nalebuff Licensing Cooper 8