2013 Business Model EPS IPO 
Harvard Business Review
OCTOBER 16, 2014
In August 2013, Icahn bought more than $1 billion worth of Apple shares. As I explain in my recent Harvard Business Review article, “Profits Without Prosperity,” open-market repurchases that represent the vast majority of buybacks in the United States reward value extraction and undermine value creation.
Harvard Business Review
OCTOBER 20, 2014
There is mounting evidence that buybacks bear substantial blame for the extreme concentration of income at the very top and the disappearance of middle-class jobs in the United States over the past quarter century — a topic I discussed in a recent Harvard Business Review article. From 1986 through 1993, during the Sculley era, Apple spent $1.8
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