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Management’s Three Eras: A Brief History

Harvard Business Review

Organization as machine – this imagery from our industrial past continues to cast a long shadow over the way we think about management today. Managers still assume that stability is the normal state of affairs and change is the unusual state (a point I particularly challenge in The End of Competitive Advantage ).

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Where are you on the management scale of newbie to expert hacker?

Ask Atma

And the Fundaments of managing by objectives : Cascading of organizational goals and objectives, (For example, a top level goal of increasing sales by 20% over a defined period may require a bottom level goal of increasing marketing effectiveness or marketing coverage in order to reach the sales set.). employee management.