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Can Lean Manufacturing Put an End to Sweatshops?

Harvard Business Review

Producers in less-developed countries compete by keeping costs low. Over the last thirty years, the lean approach — developed by Japanese automakers — has permeated the manufacturing sector in developed countries, but is much less commonly used in the developing world. Locke of Brown University.

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In Defense of Responsible Offshoring and Outsourcing

Harvard Business Review

They are key both to cash flow which finances dividends, and to "net income" that drives stock price which, in turn, benefits shareholders (heavily American) — especially older individuals who are either direct investors or who rely on pension funds. Working Conditions. Worker Transition at Home.