article thumbnail

Digital Transformation Doesn’t Have to Leave Employees Behind

Harvard Business Review

In 2013 Carl Benedikt Frey and Michael A. These include administrative or middle management functions, which have historically provided jobs for the middle class. They want to encourage distributed decision-making and empower middle management. This change is happening more commonly than we think.

article thumbnail

Where There’s No Margin for Toxic Leadership

Harvard Business Review

The CEO thought he needed to step out of the chief sales role to focus on operations and finances. By 2013, the CEO, his business partner and an early private equity investor received an offer to sell some of their shares to a large company. Consider the case of a $30 million manufacturer. Back in 2001, it was growing rapidly.