Harvard Business Review

JUNE 2, 2014

You also have support staff, including the people in marketing, finance, HR, and other functions. When the tooth-to-tail ratio gets too low, front-line people find that they have to send every customer request or idea for improvement up through the bureaucracy and wait days or weeks for a response. The extra burden comes to 4.2

Cost 10

Cost Span of Control Management Bureaucracy 10

Harvard Business Review

FEBRUARY 26, 2016

The result is the reconstitution or destruction of industries, creation of new market spaces, and reshaping of old industry ecosystems. CEOs cannot manage their silos via hub-and-spoke and expect digital expertise to be properly incorporated in key decisions. He also removed a layer of vice chairs to make room. Cut layers.

Short-term 8

Short-term How To Venture Capitalist CFO 8

Harvard Business Review

SEPTEMBER 5, 2016

Yet there’s compelling evidence that bureaucracy creates a significant drag on productivity and organizational resilience and innovation. By our reckoning, the cost of excess bureaucracy in the U.S. million managers, first-line supervisors, and administrators in the American workforce in 2014. Here’s the arithmetic.

Cost 8

Cost Bureaucracy GDP Management 8