Harvard Business Review

SEPTEMBER 27, 2012

Rail accounted for only 20% of long-haul shipments in Brazil, compared with 80% in most countries. Any proposal, the rules said, should: remove obstacles to growing revenues, minimize up-front expenditure, provide benefits immediately (rather than paying off in the long term), and. reuse existing resources.

Strategy 9

Strategy Proposal Guidelines Net Present Value 9

Harvard Business Review

MAY 1, 2017

Today, the average cost of equity capital sits at close to half that: just 8% for the roughly 1600 companies comprising the Value Line Index. So, in real terms, debt financing is essentially free. In these circumstances, strategies that generate faster growth create more value for most companies than those that improve profit margins.

ROE 15

ROE Long-term GDP Six Sigma 15

Strategy Driven

SEPTEMBER 9, 2011

Many people do not typically think of metrics and accounting as roadblocks to innovation, yet you call these out as potential problem areas. Many conventional metrics we use to estimate value are based on faulty assumptions. Net present value [NPV] is a case in point. Japan, Infosys, and Sagentia in the UK.

Innovation 50

Innovation NPV Business Model Constraint 50