Marshall Goldsmith

SEPTEMBER 26, 2011

A: Every company that sells products or services "spins" these in a positive way to clients. The sender describing the benefits truly believes that the overall impact to the receiver of the message is positive. In the short-term, positive projections for the future may motivate people to buy products, services or stocks.

Prahalad 110

Prahalad Credit Rating Short-term Long-term 110

Harvard Business Review

JULY 11, 2013

It appears that Enron''s final fatal mistake was to try to support its stock price instead of living up to key contractual obligations required to maintain its credit rating. What caused Enron''s bankruptcy was, quite simply, the loss of its investment-grade credit rating. Ethics Failure Finance'

Price 8

Price Credit Rating Finance Chief Financial Officer 8

Strategy Driven

SEPTEMBER 1, 2011

The second objective of all three parties was the avoidance of a credit rating downgrade. At the time (prior to the actual downgrade), the threat of a credit downgrade forced all three parties to the negotiating table. This particular outcome was a real possibility and in hindsight actually occurred. Additional Information.

Budgeting 56

Budgeting Credit Rating Restructuring Rogers 56