Harvard Business Review

FEBRUARY 15, 2011

In fact, the concept of span of control — a decades-old organizational design principle — was derived originally from communications research analyzing supervisors' interactions with various numerical sets of subordinates. If so, you're the exception rather than the rule.

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Harvard Business Review

JULY 19, 2017

Companies like ANZ, the Australian-based banking giant, have made explicit commitments to adopt agile principles , while others like Zappos, are on the bleeding edge of organizational transformation. Many stopping points exist along the continuum from hierarchy to holacracy.

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Harvard Business Review

SEPTEMBER 5, 2016

Nearly all of these practices run counter to conventional banking wisdom, which holds that to be efficient a bank must consolidate operational activities and centralize decision making on matters like pricing and lending. The average span of control in these and other vanguard organizations is more than double the U.S.

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